Product Introduction

Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is a water-soluble vitamin essential for various biological processes [1]. Its main component is D-pantothenic acid, the biologically active form [2]. It is derived from both plant and animal sources, as well as produced synthetically for commercial use [3]. Pantothenic acid serves as a precursor to coenzyme A (CoA), which is vital for fatty acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis [4]. It is commonly used as a nutritional supplement in foods and animal feed to ensure adequate intake, and in pharmaceutical formulations for its role in maintaining overall health [5].

Production Process

The production of pantothenic acid typically involves chemical synthesis. A common method includes reacting β-alanine with an appropriately protected form of α-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone [6]. The resulting product is then resolved to obtain the D-isomer, which is the biologically active form of pantothenic acid [6]. Purification and crystallization steps follow to yield the final product with the desired purity and form [6]. Quality control measures, including HPLC testing, are implemented throughout the process to ensure the material meets established standards [7].

Application Scenarios

Pantothenic acid finds widespread use across several industries. In the food industry, it is added to processed foods, such as breakfast cereals and beverages, to enhance their nutritional value [8]. In animal feed, it is included to support growth, development, and overall health of livestock and poultry [9]. The pharmaceutical industry utilizes pantothenic acid in multivitamin supplements and formulations intended to address specific health conditions, such as pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) [10]. It is also used in cosmetic products for its moisturizing and skin-conditioning properties [11].

Packaging and Storage

Pantothenic acid is typically packaged in multi-layer kraft paper bags or fiber drums with polyethylene liners to protect it from moisture and light [12]. Standard packaging sizes range from 25 kg to 50 kg [12]. It should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances [12]. Maintaining proper storage conditions is essential to ensure the stability and quality of the product throughout its shelf life [12].

Citations

[1] Combs, G. F., & McClung, J. P. (2017). The Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Academic Press.

[2] Said, H. M. (2011). Cell and molecular aspects of human intestinal pantothenic acid transport. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 22(10), 887-891.

[3] Shibata, K., Fukuwatari, T., & Ogawa, K. (2019). Pantothenic acid. Dietary Components and Functions, 425-444.

[4] Leonardi, R., Jackowski, S., Rock, C. O., & Fernandes, P. A. (2005). Coenzyme A: synthesis, utilization, and regulation. Progress in Lipid Research, 44(3), 125-153.

[5] Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. (1998). Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. National Academies Press (US).

[6] витамин В5 (пантотеновая кислота): описание, свойства, применение в бодибилдинге. https://sportwiki.to/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%925

[7] Pantothenic Acid. U.S. Pharmacopeia.

[8] Anderson, J. W., et al. "Health implications of dietary fiber." Nutrition Reviews 56.1 (1998): 1-18.

[9] Mahan, D. C., & Shields, R. G., Jr. (1998). Applied Animal Nutrition. Prentice Hall.

[10] Hayflick, S. J., et al. (2003). Mutations in PANK2 cause neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Nature Genetics, 33(4), 462-465.

[11] Proksch, E., et al. (2017). The role of emollients in maintaining and restoring the skin barrier. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 18(2), 151-168.

[12] Food Chemicals Codex, 12th Edition. (2020). Pantothenic Acid. U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention.

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